South America is located between the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Antarctic Ocean to the south. Its total area is 18.2 million square kilometers with a total of twelve countries.
Before the Spanish conquest of the continent, South America was the scene of various pre-Columbian cultures, including the Charrúas, Tiahuanacos, Paracas, Nazcas, Mochicas, Tehuelches, Arahuacos and especially the Incas, who founded one of the great American aboriginal empires, settled in the Andean region until their devastating encounter with the conquistadors in the sixteenth century.
Argentina is a vast country located in the southern part of South America. To the east of the Andes, the interior of the country is flat, fertile grassland called the Pampas. The eastern border of the country is the Atlantic Ocean. The country is divided into four regions: The Andes, the North, the Pampas, and Patagonia. The Pampas is the agricultural heartland. Independence day is 9 July. Local currency is Argentine Peso ARS.
Bolivia’s land isn’t just diverse. Lake Titicaca is the world’s highest lake that’s deep enough for a boat to sail on. Salar de Uyuni, which sits in the southwest of the country, is the world’s largest salt flat. And the world’s highest forest sits more than 13,000 feet above sea level in Bolivia’s Sajama National Park. This takes cool scenery to new heights. Independence day is 6 August. Local currency is Boliviano BOB.
Colombia is located in the northwestern region of South America. It is characterized not only by its natural diversity, but also by its natural resources, geography, multiculturalism and multiraciality. It is the result of the union of cultures at the time of the conquest, so that traditions in the regions are represented in the many dialects, dances, colors, sounds and flavors. Independence day 20 July. Local currency is Colombian Peso COP.
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